ABSTRACT
Objective: To study myocardial revascularization with arterial grafts utilizing internal mammary arteries, with special reference to its morbidity and mortality and the results of internal mammary artery grafting in various ages and genders
Study Design: Retrospective study
Place and Duration of Study: National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases [NICVD], from Mar 2012 to Feb 2013
Material and Methods: Patients with concomitant valve replacement, ventricular aneurysmectomy redo coronary bypass or other cardiac or ascending aortic procedures were excluded from this analysis. No patient was excluded for any other reason. The age range was 35 to 80 years. The statistical analysis for comparison of different proportions were carried out with the help of chi-square statistics, when the test is valid
Results: A total of 150 patients were studied during the year 2012-2013, out of which 135 were males and 15 were females. The ages ranged between 35-80 years. Majority of the patients in both groups were in the age range between 45-60 years. Far less were females 10 percent-15 patients as compared to male patients [90 percent - 135]. Out of these 18 percent had unstable and 5 percent had atypical angina. After surgery most of the patients in both the study groups experienced an equal degree of angina relief. Exertional dyspnea was present in 20 percent and palpitation in 5 percent of our patients
Conclusion: In this study conclude that internal mammary grafting does not increase morbidity, has lower mortality. Possibly no absolute contra - indications to the use of single, internal mammary artery there may be some relative contra-indication
ABSTRACT
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma [JNA] is an uncommon tumor constituting less than 1% of all head and neck tumors. Tumor has an aggressive local behavior if left untreated. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment with no common consensus on a single approach. Tumour stage and surgical approaches are the major determinants of tumour recurrence. To evaluate the influence of stage of tumor in recurrence in nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. Descriptive study. Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, PIMS, Islamabad and Ayub medical institution, Abbottabad. Jan 2010 to Jan 2014. Consisting of 34 diagnosed cases of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. CT-scan was done in all patients and were treated surgically except one patient who was irradiated. All patients were followed up for one year. Among 34 patients, 24 patients were classified as stage III, 4 were in stage II and 5 were in stage IVa and one in stage IVb. 17.6% [6/34] of patients had disease recurrence. Stage IVb was treated by radiotherapy while the rest were treated surgically. Patients were followed up for one year both by clinical examination and imaging. Recurrence was found in 5 operated patients and residual disease in stage IV b. 1 [20%] patient of stage Iva disease and 4 [16%] patients of stage III disease had disease recurrence. Disease recurrence/ residual is directly related to the tumour stage in nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
ABSTRACT
Otomycosis is a common condition affecting external ear and ears with chronic suppurative otitis media, and has a tendency for recurrence. Objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of topical clotrimazole in the treatment of otomycosis. This descriptive study was conducted at the outpatient department of ENT, Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad, from Jul 2012 to Dec 2012. A total of 101 patients were included in this study. The results were compared and analysed regarding age, gender, presenting complaints and efficacy of clotrimazole. A total of 101 patients of otomycosis were included in the study. Male to female ratio was 0.71:1. Patients of 15 years and above were included in the study. Adults were more affected by otomycosis than the younger age group. The efficacy of clotrimazole in treatment of otomycosis was observed in 89 [94.12%] while in 12 [5.88%] patients no efficacy was seen. Age and gender have no role in efficacy of Clotrimazole in treatment of Otomycosis. Topical clotrimazole is effective in the treatment of Otomycosis
ABSTRACT
Tracheostomy is a life saving procedure when it is performed for an appropriate indication and surgical technique. The aim of this study was to compare the early complications of elective and emergency tracheostomy in our setup. This comparative study was conducted at the ENT Department, Hayatabad Medical Complex [HMC] from March 2009 to March 2010. A total of 100 patients included in this study were divided in to two equal groups, group A undergoing elective tracheostomy and group B undergoing emergency tracheostomy. The results of hundred patients were compared and analysed from stand point of age, sex, disease pattern, operative procedure and postoperative complications associated with tracheostomy. A total of 100 patients were included with age ranging from 17 to 88 years. The average age was 35 years in elective cases and was 32 years in emergency cases. The male to female ratio was 2.9:1 in elective cases and 4.6:1 in emergency cases. The overall complications rates were 38% in elective cases and 56% in emergency cases. Early complications of emergency tracheostomy are more common than elective tracheostomy.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Splenic Diseases/congenital , Splenic Diseases/etiology , Cysts/diagnosis , Abscess , Splenic Diseases/diagnosisABSTRACT
Over a six months period, 1262 children with diarrhoea were studied prospectively at Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. This accounted for 19.4% of total admissions in the Paediatric Unit during the study period. One hundred and ten stool samples of children with bloody diarrhoea/dysentery were evaluated for enteropathogens and their sensitivity pattern. Out of the 110 samples, 29 samples [26.36%] yielded bacterial growth, with Shigella in 19[17.27%], E.coli in 8 [7.27%] and Salmonella in 2 [1.82%]. All organisms were found to be resistant to Co-trimexazole, Ampicilin and gentamycin, while all, except one were found sensitive to Nalidixic acid